An integral and often crucial component in management of freshwater resources is water conservation. From a global perspective, the process of industrialization of water treatment has a dramatic impact on the environment. More specifically, many sources of pollution are simply due to the mismanagement of industrial wastewater and improper water resource management procedures. . That’s why it is important to enact a prominent freshwater resource plan as well as adopt cleaner routes of waste management to counteract the disastrous symptoms of pollution of water. There are three ways this can be achieved: equipment modification (EM), recycle/reuse (RR), and product substitution (PS).
First, equipment modification is one way to encourage the practice of industrial treatment of water. Many companies and residential homes invest in modification of household items such as a toilet that is low flushing. Low flushing toilets promote water conservation and energy efficiency. In addition, making adjustments to the water pressure within pipes of kitchen and bathroom sinks also promote water conservation. Making significant changes in equipment can dramatically make a difference in water preservation. Many studies are promoting the idea of reverse osmosis as a treatment for waste water and it is slowly gaining momentum. It is a way of filtrating the water to remove impurities and luckily, many faucets can be modified and deliver cleaner water. Not only is reverse osmosis technology enhancements chemical free and low maintenance, it also encourages the practice of industrial water treatments.
Second, recycling and reusing waste materials is another way to practice industrial treatment of water, however, this method usually requires some degree of physical, chemical, or biological process. Sometimes the physical and chemical process is combined, such as a process known as flocculation which is aimed at physically separating suspended solids from wastewater by excessively mixing the solids with the chemicals. The strictly chemical method involves lowering the pH enough to neutralize the pH of untreated wastewater to allow for it to be industrially cleaned. However, the most widely used method is biological. The biological process involves suspended growth of microorganisms so that they can degrade the organic contaminants within the water. This is the more natural way of industrial cleansing of water, but all three types of recycling and reuse of materials achieve the same results.
Third, product substitution is a approach that is designed to minimize the industrial source of pollution. Most studies agree that reducing wastes carries the greatest potential for avoiding energy and raw material consumption (as well as waste production) One way that waste is reduced is by product substitution which involves substituting toxic and less soluble materials with less toxic and more soluble materials. This minimizes the source of pollution and preserves the quality of water and the environment.
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